1) The world's first stock exchange was established in Amsterdam in 1602.

2) Norse mythology, originating from the Scandinavian region, features gods and mythical creatures like Odin, Thor, Loki, and Valkyries. It explores themes of heroism, destiny, and the battle between gods and giants, with intricate tales recorded in texts such as the Prose Edda and Poetic Edda.

3) The world's oldest tree is believed to be a bristlecone pine named "Methuselah" in California, estimated to be over 4,800 years old.

4) The Mongol Empire, under the leadership of Genghis Khan, became the largest contiguous empire in history, spanning from Asia to Europe.